Analysis of sentences with several subordinate clauses. SPP with several subordinate clauses: examples. When the performance ended, the children clapped so that the actors felt their gratitude.

SPPs can have not one, but several subordinate clauses.

Based on what the subordinate clauses refer to and how they relate to each other, three types of SPPs with several subordinate clauses are distinguished.

1. SPP with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. With such subordination, the first subordinate clause refers to the main clause, the second - to the first subordinate clause, the third - to the second subordinate clause, etc. The specificity of the subordinate clauses is that each of them is a subordinate clause in relation to the previous one and the main one in relation to subsequent.

For example: Often in the fall I closely watched the falling leaves in order to catch that imperceptible split second when the leaf separates from the branch and begins to fall to the ground (Paustovsky).

2. SPP with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. With this subordination, all subordinate clauses refer to one word in the main clause or to the entire main clause, answer the same question and belong to the same type of subordinate clause.

For example: At the end of May, the young bear was drawn to her native place, where she was born and where the months of her childhood were so memorable (Chernov).

3. SPP with heterogeneous subordination subordinate clauses (or with parallel subordination). With this subordination, subordinate clauses include:

a) to different words of the main sentence or one part to the entire main sentence, and the other to one of its words;

b) to one word or to the entire main clause, but answer different questions and are different types of subordinate clauses.

For example: From the world called the nursery, a door leads into a space where they dine and drink tea (Chekhov).

There are also SPPs with a combined type of subordination of subordinate clauses. For example: When the chaise drove out of the yard, he (Chichikov) looked back and saw that Sobakevich was still standing on the porch and, as it seemed, was looking closely, wanting to know where the guest would go (Gogol).

This is a complex sentence with parallel and sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.

§4. Punctuation marks in a complex sentence

Simple sentences (predicative parts) within a complex sentence are separated by commas. For example: The coachmen tied up the bells so that the ringing would not attract the attention of the watchmen (Pushkin); My father eagerly and in detail told me how many birds and fish there are, how many lakes there are, what wonderful forests grow (Aksakov).

If the subordinate clause is inside the main clause, then it is separated by commas on both sides. For example: Clouds descended over the valley where we were driving (Prishvin); I think that if you are not lazy, you will write well; The guest was laid out on a sofa in the hall and, so that it would not be dark for him, a lamp was lit (Chekhov).

A comma is not used in the following cases:

If homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by single connecting or disjunctive conjunctions and, yes (=and), or, or. For example: It is obvious that Savelich was right in front of me and that I needlessly insulted him with reproach and suspicion (Pushkin);

If there is a negative particle not before the subordinating conjunction (conjunctive word): I want to know not how it is done, but why it is done;

If the subordinating conjunction or allied word is preceded by a repeating coordinating conjunction and, or, or, etc.: The student could not remember the name of the work or who its author was;

If the subordinate clause consists of one word: They reproach me, but I don’t know what;

With two adjacent subordinating conjunctions, what if, what although, if then there is the second part of the double conjunction this or that: She told him that if he was sick, then he needed to be treated (L. Tolstoy).

Attention! It should be borne in mind that in some cases compound conjunctions (because, because, due to the fact that, in order to, as, etc.) in a complex sentence can be dismembered. In this case, a comma is placed before the second part composite union. The division of a compound conjunction depends on the meaning and intonation of the sentence.

Compare: We began to make notches in the trees in order not to get lost in the forest. - We began to make notches in the trees in order not to get lost in the forest.

The division of the conjunction is mandatory in the presence of words adjacent to the first part of the conjunction and logically highlighting it: when using negation, intensifying, restrictive and other particles, introductory words, adverb. For example: I am not indifferent to her only because she is indifferent to me (Ehrenburg); The windows in the house were open, apparently because it was very stuffy (Chekhov).

Conjunctions are also divided in cases where the first part of the conjunction is included as a correlative word in homogeneous series members of the sentence: Romashov blushed to real tears from his powerlessness and confusion, and from pain for the insulted Shurochka, and because through the deafening sounds of the quadrille he could not get in a single word (Kuprin).

If drawing up diagrams for complex sentences is still difficult for you, read this article carefully. It contains examples of complex sentences with patterns of all possible types. Read them carefully - and the task is to draw up a diagram for complex sentence will no longer seem difficult to you.

What is a complex sentence

Difficult to subordinate is a sentence whose predicative parts are in unequal relationships with each other. One of the parts is the main one, the other (others) is the subordinate one, i.e. dependent on the main one. The subordination of a subordinate clause is expressed using subordinating conjunctions and allied words.

In addition, a subordinate clause can refer to the entire main clause as a whole (that is, extend it) or to some word in its composition.

Types of complex sentences by meaning

Depending on what kind of conjunctions and allied words the subordinate clause is attached to the main one and what semantic relationships develop between the parts of the dictionary, the latter are divided into several types. To make it shorter, we will call the types of complex sentences by types of subordinate clauses:

Subordinate clause explanatory. Connection with the main sentence is carried out through conjunctions what, how, to, whether.

Father said that mother would return from work late.

[ … ], (What …).

Subordinate clause definitive. Communication with the main sentence is carried out using allied words which, which, whose, what, where, where, from, how.

No one could remember whose yellow umbrella stood in the corner all evening.

[ ... ], (whose …).

Subordinate clause connecting. Communication with the main sentence is carried out using allied words why, why, why, all case forms of the word What.

Explain to me clearly why Nastya is doing all this.

[ … ], (For what …).

Subordinate clause circumstantial. This value expresses a large number of conjunctions and allied words. Therefore, this type of NGN is divided into several more subparagraphs, depending on what adverbial meanings are expressed by means of communication (conjunctions and allied words).

The children were looking forward to the holiday finally coming and the Christmas tree being brought into the house.

[...], (when...), and (...).

Circumstantial meanings:

places(means of connection between the subordinate and main parts - allied words where, where, where);

They walked for a long time, stumbling, and in the evening they came to the edge of the forest, from where the road to the city was visible.

[ ... ], (where …).

time when, while, only, only);

And she kept calling and crying, crying and calling, until the window finally opened.

[ … ], (Bye …).

conditions(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunction If and so on.);

If you go straight now and turn right at the corner, you can go straight to the library.

(if...), [then...].

causes(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunctions because, since);

Children often act against the will of their parents, because young people want to quickly try their own strength.

[ … ], (because…).

goals to);

To achieve your dream, you will have to try hard.

(to …), [ … ].

consequences(a means of connecting the subordinate and main parts - conjunction So);

The actor prepared a lot for the audition, so he was able to get the role.

[ ... ], (So…).

concessions(a means of connecting the subordinate and main parts - conjunction Although);

Although I've never been up in the air before hot-air balloon, operating the burner and keeping the basket at the right height was not that difficult.

(Although …), [ … ].

comparisons(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunctions as if, as if, than);

Everything was spinning and swimming before my eyes, as if a stupid colored carousel had spun me in a circle.

[...], (as if...).

measures and degrees(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunctions what to and allied words how much, how much);

I cannot express in words how grateful all these people are for your timely help!

[...], (how much...).

course of action(means of connection between subordinate and main parts - conjunctions what, in order, as if, how, exactly, as if, as if and a union word How).

Gather your courage and dance as if there is not a single person in the entire large hall.

[...], (as if...).

Position of the subordinate clause in the IPP

As you may have noticed when looking at complex sentences with diagrams, the positions of the main and subordinate clauses are not rigidly fixed; you can come up with several different combinations.

A subordinate clause can be placed before the main clause:

No matter what difficulties await you along the way, you must persistently pursue your cherished goal!

(which …), [ … ].

The subordinate clause can be placed after the main clause:

Go to your mom and ask her to help us.

[ … ], (to …).

A subordinate clause can be included inside the main clause:

Everywhere we went, we were followed by surprised glances.

[ …, (Where …), … ].

Obviously, there does not have to be one subordinate clause in the NGN. There may be several of them. Then it is worth considering all the options for what kind of relationship develops between subordinate clauses and the main one.

It is also worth clarifying that the scheme of a complex sentence can be not only linear ( horizontal), as in the examples above. Flowcharts ( vertical).

So, for several subordinate clauses the following cases are possible:

Scheme for parsing a complex sentence

A reasonable question may arise as to why all these NGN schemes are needed. They have at least one practical purpose - an obligatory part of the syntactic parsing of a complex sentence is the compilation of its diagram.

In addition, the diagram of a complex sentence will help to correctly analyze it for parsing.

SPP parsing diagram includes the following task items:

Determine whether the sentence is based on the purpose of the statement: narrative, interrogative or motivating.
In what way? emotional coloring: exclamatory or non-exclamatory.
To prove that a sentence is complex, you need to define and indicate the grammatical basics.
Indicate what type of connection between parts of a complex sentence is present: allied connection, intonation.
Indicate the type of complex sentence: complex sentence.
Indicate how much simple sentences is part of the complex, by what means are subordinate clauses attached to the main one.
Label the main and subordinate parts. In the case of a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses, they should be designated by numbers (degrees of subordination).
Indicate which word in the main sentence (or the entire sentence) is associated with the subordinate clause.
Note the way of connecting the predicative parts of a complex sentence: a conjunction or a conjunctive word.
If there are any, indicate indicative words in the main part.
Indicate the type of subordinate clause: explanatory, attributive, connecting, adverbial.
And finally, draw up a diagram of a complex sentence.

To make it clearer, parsing sample complex sentence:

The sentence is narrative, non-exclamatory, complex. This is a complex sentence made up of four simple clauses. Means of communication: intonation, allied word When, subordinating conjunction What.

The SPP consists of one main and three subordinate clauses: the first (2) and second (3) subordinate clauses are attributive, both extend the word day in the main sentences and answer the question which? Connected together by a coordinating conjunction And. The third subordinate clause (4) is adverbial (measures and degrees), extends the predicate of the second subordinate clause (3) and answers the questions how much? to what extent?

Thus, this is a complex sentence with the following types of subordinate clauses: homogeneous and consistent.

Summary

We looked in detail different schemes complex sentences with examples. If you have carefully read the article, no task related to SPP will no longer seem difficult to you.

We also focused on the types of IPS schemes (horizontal and vertical). And, most importantly, how these diagrams will help you do it right parsing complex sentence.

website, when copying material in full or in part, a link to the source is required.

Complex sentences with several subordinate clauses can be divided into three main groups: with homogeneous, heterogeneous (parallel) and sequential subordination.

1. Complex sentences with homogeneous subordination:

all subordinate clauses refer to the same main sentence or to the same word in the main sentence (if the subordinate clauses do not extend the entire main sentence, but one of its words);

subordinate clauses answer the same question, that is, they are subordinate clauses of the same type;

subordinate clauses are connected with each other using coordinating conjunctions or without conjunctions (with the meaning of enumeration), just as homogeneous members are connected with each other.

The boys, quiet, looked after the truck, / 1 until he drove past the intersection, / 2 until the dust he raised cleared away, / 3 until he himself became a cloud of dust/ 4 (Zhukhovitsky).

1 , (Bye- conjunction) 2, ( Bye- conjunction) 3 , ( Bye- union 4.

Complex sentence; consists of four simple sentences; the first is the main thing, the rest are subordinate clauses. Subordinate clauses refer to the same main clause and answer the same question - until when? Each subordinate clause is associated with the main conjunction while. These are homogeneous subordinate clauses.

The vertical scheme (a scheme that reflects not the arrangement of simple sentences within a complex one, but their dependence) will be as follows:

1
↓
(Bye- conjunction) 2, ( Bye- conjunction) 3 , ( Bye- union) 4

My father told me / 1 that he had never seen such bread / 2 And / that this year's harvest is excellent/ 3 (Aksakov).

[ch.] 1, ( What- conjunction) 2 and ( What- conjunction) 3 .

Complex sentence; consists of three simple sentences; the first is the main thing, the rest are additional clauses. Subordinate clauses refer to one word (predicate said, expressed by a verb) in the main sentence, answer the same question - what? Each subordinate clause is connected with the main conjunction that. Subordinate clauses are connected to each other by the connecting conjunction and. These are homogeneous subordinate clauses.

Vertical scheme complex sentence will be as follows:

1
↓
(What- union) 2 And (What- union) 3

Note!

1) If homogeneous subordinate clauses are attached to the main clause by the same conjunction, then this conjunction may be omitted in one or more subordinate clauses (but the conjunction is easy to restore).

Wed: Shatsky saw/ 1 /2 and / the sailors spent a long time, interfering with each other, pulling it up on hoists/ 3 (Paustovsky). - Shatsky saw/ 1 how the last boat returned to the ship/2 and / how the sailors for a long time, interfering with each other, pulled it up on hoists / 3 .

2) If homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a single connecting or disjunctive conjunction (and, yes in the meaning of “and”, or, or), then a comma is not placed between the subordinate clauses.

my father said me that he has never seen such bread and that this year’s harvest is excellent(Aksakov); He emphatically stated that we must get out of his house immediately or he will call the police(Grigoriev) - the conjunction that before the second subordinate clause is omitted, but can be restored ( He emphatically stated that we must get out of his house immediately or that he would call the police).

3) For repeated coordinating conjunctions, a comma is placed between homogeneous subordinate clauses.

While in the hospital, he recalled how the Nazis suddenly attacked them, and how they found themselves surrounded, and as a squad managed to get through to their own.

4) The conjunctions whether... or are considered to be repeated (in this case or can be replaced by whether), and homogeneous clauses connected by these conjunctions are separated by a comma.

Wed: It was hard to understand whether there was a fire somewhere, or was about to rise moon(Chekhov). - It was hard to understand whether there was a fire somewhere, whether the moon was about to rise.

2. Complex sentences with heterogeneous (parallel) subordination:

all subordinate clauses refer to the same main clause;

subordinate clauses answer different questions, that is, they are different types of subordinate clauses.

Subordinate clauses that have same value, but refer to different words in the common main clause.

/ 1 Yegorushka strained his vision, / 2 / 3 (Chekhov).

(When- conjunction) 1 , 2 , ( to- conjunction) 3 .

A complex sentence consists of three simple ones; The second sentence is main, the first and third are subordinate clauses. Subordinate clauses relate to the same main clause, but answer different questions (cf.: [When?] As he pulled into the backyard, / 1 / 2 ; Yegorushka strained his vision[why?], / 2 to get a better look at it/ 3). These are different types of clauses: when he pulled up to the backyard- subordinate tense; to get a better look at it- subordinate clause of purpose.

2
↓ ↓
(When- union) 1 ( to- union) 3

It is necessary to take into account Wednesday, / 1 wherein a poetic work develops, / 2 / 3 (Mayakovsky).

[noun] 1, ( wherein- union. next) 2 , ( to- conjunction) 3 .

A complex sentence consists of three simple ones; The first sentence is the main clause, the second and third are subordinate clauses. Subordinate clauses refer to one main clause, but the first subordinate clause (second simple clause) refers to one word - environment, expressed by a noun; the second subordinate clause (third simple clause) refers to the entire main clause. Subordinate clauses answer different questions (cf.: It is necessary to take into account Wednesday [which one?], / 1 wherein a poetic work develops, / 2; The environment must be taken into account[why?], / 1 so that a word alien to this environment does not appear by chance / 3). These are different types of clauses: wherein a poetic work develops- subordinate clause; so that a word alien to this environment does not appear accidentally- subordinate clause of purpose.

The vertical diagram of the proposal will be as follows:

[noun ] 1
↓ ↓
(wherein- union. next) 2 ( to- union) 3

I asked his, / 1 Why he has gone so far from fanzia, / 2 And said, / 1 that you were worried about him/ 3 (Arsenyev).

[ ch., ( Why- union. next) 2, ch.] 1, ( What- conjunction) 3 .

A complex sentence consists of three simple ones; The first sentence is the main clause, the second and third are subordinate clauses. Subordinate clauses refer to one main clause and answer questions indirect cases(cf.: I asked his[about what?], / 1 Why he's gone so far from fanzia / 2 ; I asked him and said [what?], / 1 that you were worried about him/ 3). These are the same types of clauses - additional clauses. But these subordinate clauses refer to different words within the main sentence: the first subordinate clause (second simple sentence) refers to the predicate asked expressed by a verb; the second subordinate clause (third simple sentence) refers to the predicate said, also expressed by a verb. Therefore, these subordinate clauses are heterogeneous (parallel).

The vertical diagram of the proposal will be as follows:

[Ch. ch.] 1
↓ ↓
(Why- union. next) 2 ( What- union) 3

3. In complex sentences with sequential subordination the main clause is subordinated to one subordinate clause (subordinate clause of the 1st degree), and this subordinate clause is subordinated to another subordinate clause (subordinate clause of the 2nd degree), etc. Thus, the subordinate clause of the 1st degree is the main clause for the subordinate clause of the 2nd degree, etc.

I heard, / 1 how Gaidar cleaned the pot with sand and scolded his for that, / 2 that his pen fell off/ 3 (Paustovsky).

[ch.] 1, ( How- union ch. + uk. next) 2 , ( What- conjunction) 3 .

A complex sentence consists of three simple ones; The first sentence is the main clause, the second and third are subordinate clauses. The subordinate clause of the first degree (second simple sentence) refers to the first (main) sentence, namely to the predicate heard expressed by a verb; a subordinate clause of the second degree (third simple sentence) refers to a subordinate clause of the first degree (second simple sentence), namely, to the predicate scolded expressed by a verb.

The vertical diagram of the proposal will be as follows:

[ch.] 1
↓
(How- union ch. + uk. next) 2
↓
(What- union) 3

Note!

With sequential subordination, one subordinate clause may appear inside another subordinate clause. At the same time, at the junction of these subordinate clauses, two subordinating conjunctions or a subordinating conjunction and a conjunctive word may appear next to each other.

The maid was an orphan,/ 1 which , / 2 to feed, / 3 should have entered the service / 2 (L. Tolstoy).

[noun ] 1, (which is a conjunction, 2 (so that is a conjunction...), 3...) 2.

[noun ] 1
↓
(which- union. next) 2
↓
(to- union) 3

Nearby are the conjunction word which and the conjunction so. They refer to different subordinate clauses: subordinate clause of the 1st degree - who was supposed to enter service; subordinate clause of the 2nd degree - to feed. A subordinate clause of the 2nd degree is located inside a subordinate clause of the 1st degree, and a subordinate clause of the 2nd degree can be removed from a complex sentence without damage or placed after a subordinate clause of the 1st degree, cf.: The maid was an orphan who had to enter service; The maid was an orphan who had to enter service in order to feed. There is a comma between the conjunction word which and the conjunction so, which belong to different subordinate clauses.

Thus, when two subordinating conjunctions (or a subordinating conjunction and a conjunctive word) meet, comma between them is put, if the removal of the second subordinate clause does not require the restructuring of the entire complex sentence (in this case, the second part of the double conjunction does not follow - then, so, but).

Comma at the junction of two subordinating conjunctions (or a conjunction and a conjunctive word) not placed in the event that the second subordinate clause cannot be removed without changing the entire complex sentence (in this case, what follows is the second part of the double conjunction - then, so, but).

I'm holding bet, / 1 what / 2 / 3 That/ 2 (Leskov).

[noun ] 1 , ( What- union 2 ( If- union...), 3 then...) 2 .

[noun ] 1
↓
(What- union) 2
↓
(if... then- union) 3

The main clause in this sentence is: I bet/ 1, as well as two successively connected subordinate clauses: subordinate clause of the 1st degree: something... he'll stay here for three more days/ 2, inside which there is a subordinate clause of the second degree: if you give this to the Duke/ 3 (cf.: I bet that... then he will stay here for three more days; he will stay here for three more days if you give this to the Duke). At the junction of subordinate clauses of the 1st degree and the 2nd degree there are two subordinating conjunctions what and if. However, a comma is not placed between them, since it is impossible to remove a subordinate clause of the second degree without changing the subordinate clause of the first degree, cf.: I bet, / 1 that he will stay here for three more days/ 2 . This is prevented by the second part of the double conditional conjunction if...then, which is in the main clause for the conditional clause - the subordinate clause of the first degree: he will stay here for three more days. If this second part (then) is removed, then at the junction of the conjunctions what and if it will be necessary to put a comma, cf.: I bet/ 1 what , / 2 if you give this to the Duke, / 3 he will stay here for three more days / 2 .

In complex sentences with several subordinate clauses it is possible combinations of connections: there can be both homogeneous and consistent subordination; parallel and serial, etc. Therefore, when parsing and arranging punctuation marks, one should not strive to immediately compose general scheme or immediately add punctuation marks.

The following analysis algorithm seems to be the most optimal:

Establish the total number of simple sentences in a complex sentence, highlighting all grammatical bases.
Highlight all subordinating means of communication (subordinating conjunctions and allied words); Based on this, establish the main clause and subordinate clauses.
For each subordinate clause, establish the main clause, that is, break the complex sentence into pairs: main - subordinate clause.
Construct a vertical diagram of a complex sentence, and on this basis determine the nature of the subordination of subordinate clauses (homogeneous, parallel, sequential subordination).
Build a horizontal diagram and place punctuation marks on this basis.

The bet is that if your master stays here for three days, then without any excuses you must carry out what I tell you, and if he does not stay, then I will carry out any order you give me.(Leskov).

This complex sentence contains 7 simple sentences:

Bet is that / 1 what / 2 if your lord stays here for three days / 3 then you have no excuses must fulfill That / 2 What I will tell you/ 4 a / if he doesn't stay / 5 then I will fulfill any order / 6 which will you give it to me/ 7 (Leskov).

1) bet is that;
2) something... you without any excuses must fulfill That ;
3) if your master stays here for three days;
4) What I will tell you ;
5) if he doesn't stay;
6) then I will fulfill any order;
7) which you will give it to me.

First sentence ( the bet is) is the main thing, the rest are subordinate clauses. The question is raised only by the sixth simple sentence ( then I will fulfill any order ).

This complex sentence can be divided into the following pairs of complex sentences:

1→2: bet is that, something... you without any excuses must fulfill That ;
2→3: you without any excuses must fulfill That if your lord stays here for three days;
2→4: you without any excuses must fulfill That what will I tell you;
6→5: I will fulfill any order if he doesn't stay;
6→7: I will fulfill any order, which you will give it to me.

It is still difficult to determine what type of sentence the sixth sentence belongs to. In this case, you should pay attention to the coordinating conjunction a. A coordinating conjunction, unlike a subordinating conjunction, in a complex sentence consisting of three or more simple sentences may not appear before the sentence to which it refers. Therefore, it is necessary to find out which simple sentences are connected by this adversative conjunction. To do this, you need to remove all simple sentences, leaving only those that contain opposition. These are sentences 2 and 6, cf.: you without any excuses must fulfill then, and I will carry out any order. But sentence 2 is a subordinate clause. Therefore, sentence 6, connected to sentence 2 by a coordinating conjunction, must also be a subordinate clause. This can be checked by inserting the same conjunction that sentence 2 has, and connecting sentence 6 with the same main one on which sentence 2 depends, cf.: bet thing is I will carry out any order. This means that sentences 2 and 6 are homogeneous subordinate clauses, only the conjunction that in sentence 6 is omitted (1→6).

Based on the data obtained, we can construct a vertical diagram of this complex sentence:

[Ch. + uk. next] 1
↓
(What- union ch. + uk. next) 2, and (- noun + adjective) 6
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
(if... then- conjunction) 3 ( What- union. next) 4 ( if... then- union) 5 ( which- union. next) 7

Thus, this sentence is complex, in which the subordinate clauses are connected homogeneously (sentences 2 and 6), in parallel (sentences 3 and 4, sentences 5 and 7), and also sequentially (sentences 2 and 3; 2 and 4, 6 and 5, 6 and 7).

To place punctuation marks, it is necessary to indicate the boundaries of simple sentences by turning Special attention on the possible combination of several conjunctions at the boundary of sentences, as well as construct a horizontal sentence diagram.

[Ch. + uk. next] 1 , ( What- union ( If- conjunction) 3, That Ch. + uk. next) 2 , ( What- conjunction next) 4, A (If- conjunction) 5, ( That noun + uk. next) 6 , ( which- union. next) 7 .

In this sentence there is a combination of subordinating conjunctions at the junction of sentences 2 and 3 (what if). In addition, the coordinating conjunction a, which refers to sentence 6, comes before sentence 5, forming a combination of conjunctions with the subordinating conjunction if (and if). By general rules they must be separated by commas, but what follows is the second part of the double conjunction if...then. It is this second part of the conjunction that does not make it possible to remove conditional clauses without changing the structure of the sentences as a whole, cf.: The bet is that... you must do this without any excuses; otherwise... then I will carry out any order. That is why a comma is not placed at the junction of these conjunctions.

So, the punctuation marks in the sentence should be arranged as follows:

The bet is that if your master stays here for three days, then without any excuses you must do what I tell you, and if he does not stay, then I will carry out any order you give me (Leskov).

Plan for parsing a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses

Indicate the type of complex sentence (complex sentence).
Name the main clause and subordinate clauses (highlight grammatical bases).
Indicate how subordinate clauses are related to the main clause (sequential, parallel, homogeneous subordination).
Parse each subordinate clause according to plan.
Construct vertical and horizontal sentence diagrams.

Sample parsing

Participates in the adventures of Baron Munchausen runner, / 1 which, / 2 so as not to run too fast, / 3 ties pound weights to his feet/ 2 (Soloukhin).

The sentence is complex; consists of three parts; sentence 1 - main; sentences 2 and 3 are subordinate clauses. Subordinate clauses are connected to the main clause sequentially.

The subordinate clause of the first degree (sentence 2) refers to the main one (sentence 1). This is a subordinate clause; it refers to the subject runner expressed by a noun, a means of communication is a conjunctive word which; the subordinate clause comes after the main clause.

The second degree clause (sentence 3) refers to the first degree clause (sentence 2). This is a clause of purpose; it relates to everything important, the means of communication is the union to; the subordinate clause stands in the middle of the main clause.

[noun] 1
def. ↓
(which- union. next) 2
goals ↓
(to- union) 3

[noun] 1 , ( which- union. words, ( to- conjunction) 3 ,) 2 .
def. goals

Lesson type: lesson in learning new knowledge

Goals and objectives of the lesson:

give an idea of the types of SPP

introduce the terms homogeneous, sequential, parallel subordination;

teach how to build IPS diagrams with several subordinate clauses;

introduce students to the features of punctuation in NGN with several subordinate clauses

Equipment: notebook, textbook, tests

Lesson type: lesson in learning new knowledge

Handout: test

During the classes

Organizing time, motivation

Target. Emotional mood for the lesson. Awareness of the importance of this lesson, its outcome, motivation for the final certification.

The bell rang and we were all ready for class again.
And we have order everywhere: in our heads and on the table.
We will open all the notebooks, we will take the pens in our hands.
And with a good mood, we will begin the lesson now.

Hello guys! Today in class we will continue working on complex sentences.

II. Updating previous knowledge

Teacher's word. Today in the lesson we will review the main groups of syntax according to their meaning, remember the differences between a conjunction and a conjunction word and get acquainted with new complex syntactic constructions. But we will formulate the topic of our lesson with you a little later, and we will begin the lesson with a lexical warm-up.

Lexical warm-up

What are paronyms?

Paronyms - words of the same root, similar in sound, but different in meaning.

Define paronyms: addressee - addressee, ignoramus - ignoramus, typo - unsubscribe

Destination– the one to whom a letter, telegram, parcel, etc. is addressed.

Addressee- the one who wrote the letter, telegram, parcel, etc.

Ignorant- a rude, ill-mannered person.

Ignorant- a poorly educated person.

Misprint– an absent-minded error in a written text.

Unsubscribe- a meaningless, formal answer to something that does not affect the essence of the matter.

Test work

In which row is the same letter missing in all words?

sovereign, lock up, r_tual

p_simism, kill_speech, bring melancholy

wash_chit, reflection, accompaniment

silent, philosophical, insensitive

In which row in both words is the letter A (Z) written in place of the gap?

they look good; addressee of the letter

waving flags; they often go to concerts

hearing blows; tourists buy provisions

snowflakes ta_t; occupied the field

In which row are all words written with a hyphen?

(long)player, (half)watermelon, (chef)cook

(little) little by little, (some) who, (north)western

(yellow) red, (floor) at home, (somewhere)

(after all), (car) repair, (fruit) berry

KEY: 2,3,2

Frontal conversation

What groups are complex sentences divided into according to their meaning?

How to distinguish a conjunction from an allied word?

III.Explanation of new material.

Teacher's word. Before today's lesson, we talked about IPS, consisting of one main and one subordinate part. This form is the most typical for SPP, the most common in oral and writing.

However, in the Russian language, especially in writing styles and in language fiction, often there are sentences that are more complex in form, consisting of several parts. Today we are starting to get acquainted with such proposals. So, the topic of our lesson today

Topic: Species subordinating connection in SPP: homogeneous subordination, sequential subordination, parallel subordination.

Place punctuation marks,

Victor asked to be a miner because he heard that this was the most honorable profession in the mine.

IPP with subordinate reasons and explanatory

Such proposals are calledSPP with CONSISTENT SUBMISSION:
the first subordinate clause refers to the main clause (subordinate clausefirst degree), the second - to this subordinate clause (subordinate clausesecond degree) etc.

Main offer

Subordinate clause of the 1st degree

Subordinate clause of the 2nd degree

Working with the textbook: reading the rules

So, what conjunctions may be nearby when subordinate clauses are sequentially subordinated?

What if, what although, what when, since although, since if, etc..

When is a comma placed between them?

Comma is put, if after the subordinate clauseNo THAT or SO

Punctuation marks for conjunctions

She told him that if he was sick, he needed to be treated.

She told him thato e if he is sick, That need medical help

Place punctuation marks,determine the type of subordinate clauses, draw up a sentence diagram

When we arrived, my father showed me the perch and carp that he had caught without me.

(When...), , (which...).

NGN with attributive and tense clauses

Such proposals are called SPP with PARALLEL SUBMISSION:
subordinate clauses relate to one common main clause and are different in meaning.

Place punctuation marks,determine the type of subordinate clauses, draw up a sentence diagram

I woke up when the sun had not yet risen, when nature was enveloped in pre-dawn sleep.

NGN with clauses of time

Such proposals are called SPP with HOMOGENEOUS SUBMISSION:
subordinate clauses relate to one common main clause and are identical in meaning - homogeneous

With homogeneous subordination in the second (and following) subordinate clauses, the subordinating conjunction can be omitted:

We went hiking when the rain stopped, the sun came out, and the birds began to sing.

, (When…), (…), (…).

We went hiking when the rain stopped When the sun came out When the birds began to sing.

, (when...), (when...), (when...).

Homogeneous subordinate clauses can be carried coordinating conjunctions, before which a comma is placed in the same way as with homogeneous terms:

You could hear the gardener walking in the garden And how his car creaked.

Sonechka wrote that the mood was heavy, But so he doesn't have to worry about them.

He's irritable And when healthy And when sick.

Place punctuation marks, make diagrams

I had to see how the lilac leaves unfurl and how it produces bluish clusters of future flowers.

We will flinch if a bird suddenly flies up or a moose trumpets in the distance.

IV. Consolidation.

Construct sentences according to schemes, determine the type of subordination

1. , (how...), (how...), (how...).

I remember well how we walked along the path, how brightly the sun shone, how I found a mushroom place. (Homogeneous submission)

2. , (when...), (to...).

It was already completely dark when we reached the camp to spend the night there. (Sequential submission)

3. (When...), , (...which...).

When I got thirsty, I bent down to the stream, in the waters of which I saw fish frolicking. (Parallel subordination)

V. Summing up the lesson. Frontal conversation.

What main types of SPPs with two or more subordinate clauses do you know?

What is the difference between homogeneous and parallel subordination?

Tell us about the features of punctuation at the “junction” of conjunctions with the sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.

- Homogeneous subordinate clauses can have coordinating conjunctions. How are punctuation marks used in this case?

VI. Reflection.

Write a syncwine dedicated to the topic of our lesson today.

Synquain structure

1st line – heading, which contains the theme of the syncwine, a keyword or concept expressed by a noun;

Line 2 – two adjectives;

Line 3 – three verbs;

Line 4 – a phrase that carries a semantic load;

Line 5 – conclusion expressed by a single noun.

SINQUAINES

Offer

Complex, unusual

I'm interested, I remember, I remember

I like to learn something new

Russian, interesting

Read, write, study

I like it

Exams

Information

New, interesting

Find out, get to know each other, work

Today I learned a lot of new things

Complex, extensive

I understand, remember, apply

There were a lot of new rules in class today

Punctuation

Peculiar, complex

I think, I remember, I reason

To put commas correctly, you need to learn the rules

Subordination

Serial, parallel, homogeneous

I reason, I search, I highlight

I like working with diagrams

Examples of syncwines written by students

VII. Homework.

Write an essay-reasoning “What do I know about SPP?”

Literature

Egorova N.V. Lesson developments in the Russian language: 9th grade - M.: VAKO, 2008

Russian language: 10 real versions of tasks for preparing for the Unified State Exam-2006 t- M.: Federal Testing Center, 2006

Russian language: Textbook. For 9th grade. general education Institutions/ S.G. Barkhudarov, S.E. Kryuchkov, L.Yu. Maksimov and others - 26th ed., revised. – M.: Education, 2004

Modern Russian language. Textbook for pedagogical students Institute for specialties No. 2101 “Russian language. or T." At 3. Part 3. Syntax. Punctuation/V.V. Babaytseva, L.Yu. Maksimov. – 2nd ed., revised. – M.: Education, 1978

Russian language 9th grade

№ 43 The concept of complex sentences with two or more subordinate clauses and punctuation in them

Lesson type: lesson in learning new knowledge

Goals and objectives of the lesson:

give an idea of the types of SPP with several subordinate clauses;

introduce the terms homogeneous, sequential, parallel subordination;

teach how to build IPS diagrams with several subordinate clauses;

introduce students to the features of punctuation in NGN with several subordinate clauses;

repeat the main groups of SPPs according to their meaning, remember the differences between a conjunction and an allied word and an algorithm for determining the type of subordinate clause.

Security: notebook, textbook, assignments.

Handout: tasks.

During the classes

I . Org. Moment

II . Updating previous knowledge

Teacher's word. Today in the lesson we will review the main groups of syntax according to their meaning, remember the differences between a conjunction and a conjunction word and get acquainted with new complex syntactic constructions. But we will formulate the topic of our lesson together with you a little later, and we will begin the lesson by reading and commenting on the epigraph of the lesson, and then lexical warm-up.

Frontal conversation

What groups are complex sentences divided into according to their meaning?

How to distinguish a conjunction from an allied word?

Tell us about the algorithm with which we determine the type of subordinate clause.

III . Explanation of new material.

Teacher's word. Before today's lesson, we talked about IPS, consisting of one main and one subordinate part. This form is the most typical for NGN, most common in oral and written speech.

However, in the Russian language, especially in writing styles and in the language of fiction, sentences that are more complex in form, consisting of several parts, are often found. Today we are starting to get acquainted with such proposals. So, the topic of our lesson today

The main types of SPP with two or more subordinate clauses and punctuation in them

Victor asked to be a miner because he heard that this was the most honorable profession in the mine.

IPP with subordinate reasons and explanatory

Such proposals are called SPP with CONSISTENT SUBMISSION:
the first subordinate clause refers to the main clause (subordinate clause first degree), the second - to this subordinate clause (subordinate clause second degree) etc.

Main offer

Subordinate clause of the 1st degree

Subordinate clause of the 2nd degree

So, what conjunctions may be nearby when subordinate clauses are sequentially subordinated?

What if, what although, what when, since although, since if, etc..

When is a comma placed between them?

Comma is put , if after the subordinate clause No THAT or SO

Punctuation marks for conjunctions

She told him that if he was sick, he needed to be treated.

She told him that o e if he is sick, That need medical help

Place punctuation marks, determine the type of subordinate clauses, draw up a sentence outline

When we arrived, my father showed me the perch and carp that he had caught without me.

(When...), , (which...).

NGN with attributive and tense clauses

Such proposals are called SPP with PARALLEL SUBMISSION:
subordinate clauses relate to one common main clause and are different in meaning.

Place punctuation marks, determine the type of subordinate clauses, draw up a sentence outline

I woke up when the sun had not yet risen, when nature was enveloped in pre-dawn sleep.

NGN with clauses of time

Such proposals are called SPP with HOMOGENEOUS SUBMISSION:
subordinate clauses relate to one common main clause and are identical in meaning - homogeneous

With homogeneous subordination in the second (and following) subordinate clauses, the subordinating conjunction can be omitted:

We went hiking when the rain stopped, the sun came out, and the birds began to sing.

, (When…), (…), (…).

We went hiking when the rain stopped When the sun came out When the birds began to sing.

, (when...), (when...), (when...).

Homogeneous subordinate clauses can have coordinating conjunctions, preceded by a comma in the same way as with homogeneous clauses:

You could hear the gardener walking in the garden And how his car creaked.

Sonechka wrote that the mood was heavy, But so he doesn't have to worry about them.

He's irritable And when healthy And when sick.

Place punctuation marks, make diagrams

I had to see how the lilac leaves unfurl and how it produces bluish clusters of future flowers.

We will flinch if a bird suddenly flies up or a moose trumpets in the distance.

IV . Consolidation.

Task No. 1 Construct sentences according to schemes, determine the type of subordination

1., (how...), (how...), (how...).

I remember well how we walked along the path, how brightly the sun shone, how I found a mushroom place. (Homogeneous submission)

2., (when...), (to...).

It was already completely dark when we reached the camp to spend the night there.

3.(When...), , (...which...).

When I got thirsty, I bent down to the stream, in the waters of which I saw fish frolicking. (Parallel subordination)

4., (what...), (which...).

Makar knew that the severe frost does not joke with people who go into the taiga without gloves and without a hat. (Sequential submission)

5.(When...), , (although...).

When Vanya told his story, I listened carefully, although I was very upset. (Parallel subordination)

6., (what...), (to..).

It seemed to me that I needed to have some special knowledge to determine our location. (Sequential submission)

Task No. 2 From three simple sentences, make one complex one, indicate its structure.

As soon as I stepped onto the porch, there was a clap of thunder that made me flinch. (As soon as...), , (which)

Although it was late, a lamp was burning in the room, illuminating the faces of those present with a soft light. (Although...), , (which...)

When the rain poured down, we rushed to the barn, which stood on the edge of the village. (When...), , (which...)

V . Summing up the lesson. Frontal conversation.

What main types of SPPs with two or more subordinate clauses do you know?

What is the difference between homogeneous and parallel subordination?

Tell us about the features of punctuation at the “junction” of conjunctions with the sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.

- Homogeneous subordinate clauses can have coordinating conjunctions. How are punctuation marks used in this case?

VI . Reflection.

VII . Homework.

Extract from the Literature textbook five IPS with several subordinate clauses, syntactic analysis, diagram, determine the type of connection.

Write an essay-reasoning “What do I know about SPP?”

1., (how...), (how...), (how...).

2., (when...), (to...).

3.(When...), , (...which...).

4., (what...), (which...).

5.(When...), , (although...).

6., (what...), (to..).

(As soon as... which)

2) It was late. A lamp was burning in the room. She illuminated the faces of those present with a soft light. (Although... which...)

(When... which...)

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Task No. 1 Construct sentences according to schemes, determine the type of subordination

1., (how...), (how...), (how...).

2., (when...), (to...).

3.(When...), , (...which...).

4., (what...), (which...).

5.(When...), , (although...).

6., (what...), (to..).

Task No. 2 From three simple sentences, make one complex one, indicate its structure.

1) I went out onto the porch. There was a clap of thunder. This blow made me flinch. (As soon as... which)

2) It was late. A lamp was burning in the room. She illuminated the faces of those present with a soft light. (Although... which...)

3) It started to rain. We rushed to the barn. The barn stood on the edge of the village. (When... which...)

Task No. 1 Construct sentences according to schemes, determine the type of subordination

1., (how...), (how...), (how...).

2. , (when...), (to...).

3. (When...), , (...which...).

4. , (what...), (which...).

5. (When...), , (although...).

6. , (what...), (to..).

Task No. 2 From three simple sentences, make one complex one, indicate its structure.

1) I went out onto the porch. There was a clap of thunder. This blow made me flinch. (As soon as... which)

2) It was late. A lamp was burning in the room. She illuminated the faces of those present with a soft light. (Although... which...)

3) It started to rain. We rushed to the barn. The barn stood on the edge of the village. (When... which...)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Task No. 1 Construct sentences according to schemes, determine the type of subordination

1., (how...), (how...), (how...).

2. , (when...), (to...).

3. (When...), , (...which...).

4., (what...), (which...).

5.(When...), , (although...).

6., (what...), (to..).

Task No. 2 From three simple sentences, make one complex one, indicate its structure.

1) I went out onto the porch. There was a clap of thunder. This blow made me flinch. (As soon as... which)

2) It was late. A lamp was burning in the room. She illuminated the faces of those present with a soft light. (Although... which...)

3) It started to rain. We rushed to the barn. The barn stood on the edge of the village. (When... which...)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

1) I went out onto the porch. There was a clap of thunder. This blow made me flinch. (As soon as... which)

2) It was late. A lamp was burning in the room. She illuminated the faces of those present with a soft light. (Although... which...)

3) It started to rain. We rushed to the barn. The barn stood on the edge of the village. (When... which...)

Task No. 1 From three simple sentences, make one complex one, indicate its structure.