The moon is distinguished by what will happen to the Earth. Why is the moon remove from us? Can the moon run away from the ground

We are accustomed to the fact that the moon is an earth satellite. However, will it be so always? According to general Director The Central Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Gennady Ricunova, Our Night Lighting can sooner or later leave the Earth orbit and become an independent planet. In this case, the earth will turn into a lifeless desert ...

Ricunov assures that the moon may well repeat the fate of Mercury, who, as expected, was once a companion of Venus, but then "flew away" from her. After that, the conditions on the Venus became unsuitable for life, despite the fact that it is a planet of earthly type.

"The moon is also moving away from the ground every year, and once, apparently, if the inverse processes do not happen, it should leave the land," such a statement made the director of TsNIIMASH on a passing airplane in Bourget. - Wouldn't it work that Earth will go on the path of Venus, when conditions are formed not suitable for existing forms life is an aggressive atmosphere, huge pressure, greenhouse effect etc.?"

According to the scientist, space studies are now held, which will help find out if the living conditions will change on our planet if it loses its natural satellite, and how the worst version of the development of events can be prevented.

Gennady Ricunova has long worried the fate of the moon. Previously, he called the satellite "Seventh Continent" and stated that it was necessary to create a constantly functioning base on it, whose employees would be engaged in research and the use of resources of this celestial body.

Now the moon moves around an orbit, close to elliptical, counterclockwise (if you look from the North Pole) with average speed 1.02 kilometers per second. In fact, the movement of our natural satellite is a rather complicated process on which various perturbations affect the attraction of the sun, planets and a flattened land shape. How likely the scenario of the development of events proposed by Ricunov?

Researcher of the State Astronomical Institute named after Sternberg MSU (Gaish) Sergey Popov confirmed that the moon is really removed from the ground, but very slowly - the removal rate is about 38 millimeters per year. "For several billion years of age, the period of circulation of the Moon will simply grow one and a half times, and all," said Popov. - The moon can not completely leave. She nowhere to take energy in order to escape. "

According to Surdin, under the influence of solar tides (movement water massescaused by attraction is not the moon, but the sun. - Ed. ) The speed of rotation of our planet is gradually decreasing, and the speed of removal of the satellite will gradually decrease. In about five billion years, the radius of the lunar orbit will reach the maximum value - 463 thousand kilometers, and the duration of the earth's day will increase to 870 hours.

The "approval" of the moon may leave the Earth's orbit and turn into a planet "incorrectly," Vladimir Surdin commented on the words of his colleague Raikunov. - Solar boils will continue to slow down the land. But now the moon will be ahead of the rotation of the Earth, and tidal friction will begin to brake her movement. In The result of the moon will approach the Earth, the truth is very slow, since the power of solar tides is small. "

But even if you imagine that the moon is no longer a satellite of the Earth, it will not turn our planet into the likeness of lifeless Venus, scientists consider. Thus, the head of the laboratory of the comparative planetology of the Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry named after the Vernadsky RAS Alexander Basilevsky commented: "On the conditions on the surface of the Earth, the departure of the moon will have a little. There will be no tides and tides (they are mostly lunar), and the nights will be iligible. I will survive."

Rakunov's colleagues do not quite agree and with his statement on the fact that Mercury was once a satellite of Venus. "Calculations have shown that it is possible that, however, do not prove that it was so", "Bazilevsky said. In addition, he considers the development of land and Venus can not go the same ways, since in the Venusian atmosphere there is an increased content of heavy hydrogen isotope - deuterium.

"This may be due to the fact that the Venus once had a relatively much water. When the water decomposition in the upper layers of the atmosphere on hydrogen and oxygen, the light isotope of hydrogen ran into space faster than heavy, and the observed anomaly turned out," the scientist says. "But It is not a fact that there was liquid water on the surface of Venus, and not steam in the atmosphere, that is, it is not a fact that there was not there just as hot as now. "

The origin of the moon.This happened a long time ago. So long ago, that even hard to imagine. To determine the number of past years, we would have to write a number with nine zeros.

At that time, the moon and the earth were single. A huge melted ball made one turn around his axis in just four hours. Centrifugal force at the equator and tides, which caused the sun in this stretching in his side, entered into a resonance with his own hesitation of the ball and torn a piece from it, which became over time Moon.

At the site of this separation to our time, the greatest bucks on Earth, occupied by the Pacific Ocean, was preserved.

So considered the famous English astronomer George Darwin (1845-1912), son Charles Darwin (1809-1882). And, despite the fact that his hypothesis about the origin of the moon is not now generally accepted, observation and calculations show that two billion years ago, our natural satellite was at very close to the earth.

But our planet and the moon have an age of 4.5 billion years (this is also evidenced by the age of the oldest lunar breeds). If the Earth and the Moon appeared together at that moment, they would be deleted from each other significantly further than now.

What was the first half of the period of their existence? Where was the moon? Maybe they have formed together, but before the moon was removed from our planet less intensively than now? Or maybe somewhere apply around the sun on the rights of the planet, and then, because of some circumstances, was captured on the near-earth orbit and became a satellite of the Earth?

In these issues, along with the version of Darwin, three hypotheses of the origin of the Moon are reflected, which were quite popular in science for a long time: 1) a separation from the Earth, 2) a lump sum with our planet formation and 3) capture the finished satellite.

In 1975, another, catastrophic hypothesis appeared, which binds the origin of the moon with a collision of land with a large cosmic body, comparable by mass with the planet Mars.

Briefly focus on these hypotheses and analyze them, taking into account the main physical characteristics of our natural satellite. Along with the magnitude and mass of the most important parameter of the planet is its average density that allows you to determine it chemical composition. For the moon, it is 3.3 g / cm 3 (for Earth 5.5 g / cm 3). Moon density is close to the density of the earth mantle, lithosphereEarth, its stone shell, occupying 70% of the mass of the planet - from the iron-nickel nucleus (half of the earth radius) to the surface. As for the moon, it has a very small iron-nickel nucleus, only 2-3% by weight (Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. Internal structure Moon.
The numbers in the picture are distances from the center of the Moon.
Small balls in the mantle - the foci of moon staining.
Liberated over the year the energy of moon
inferior to earthquakes in billions times

1) It would seem if the lunar substance is similar to the substance of the earthly mantle, then this is a convincing argument that the moon in his time broke away from the ground. Based on this, the hypothesis of the opening of the Moon from the Earth (it is a joke called "subsidiary") had more popularity and was generally accepted at the beginning of the twentieth century.

In favor of this version of the origin of the moon, a similar ratio of oxygen isotopes 16 o, 17 o and 18 o in the lunar breeds and rocks of the earthly mantle was relatively recently recently obtained. However, in addition to the similarity of the lunar substance with the substance of the earthly manta, there are also significant differences.

Indeed, the so-called volatile (low-melting) and siderophilicelements in the lunar breeds are significantly less than in the earth's rocks. In addition, for the separation of the centrifugal force and a tide of a piece of the globe, a period of its rotation is required at least 2 hours, so that the semiproduction of rotation is in the resonance with the period of its own oscillations of this ball (about an hour), and the mass of a sided piece, as the calculations show, was supposed to Create 10-20% of the mass of the Earth.

In fact, the mass of the moon is 81 times less than the mass of the Earth, and the mass of the substance of the mantle in the volume of the Pacific depression would be only a small fraction of the mass of the moon. In addition, age Pacific Ocean About 500 million years is estimated, while the age of the moon and land is 4.5 billion years. Thus, the hypothesis of the opening of the Moon from the Earth does not withstand the strict criticism of specialists.

2) if the moon and the earth are at a time formed from the same rings protoplanetic Clouds (in a joke - "nursing" hypothesis), then this easily explains the identity of the oxygen-isotopic ratio of their substance, but does not agree with the difference in its density and with a deficiency of iron and sederophilic and volatile elements.

One of the authors of the shock hypothesis V. Hartmanwrote: " It's hard to imagine that two heavenly Teland grow up from one orbital layer of the substance, but at the same time one of them takes all the iron, and the other remains almost without it».

3) the legends of some nations (for example, dogons, West Africa) tell about the time when the moon was not in the sky, and the appearance of a new shine. Contrary to this, the results of computer modeling of the grip of the moon of the earth (in a joke - "married" hypothesis) show that the likelihood of such a capture is very small.

Much likely a clash or release of protoluned earth gravity outside the Earth orbit. Low density of the moon and a small iron core could be explained by the assumption that it formed outside the planets earth Group (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars), but in this case it is impossible to explain the shortage of volatile elements that are excess there. It is difficult to find a place in the solar system simultaneously with a small content of one and the other.

4) One of the main tasks of American space expeditions to the moon in the 1960-70s was to find evidence in favor of one or another of three above

called the hypotheses of the origin of the moon. During the execution of the Apollo program, 385 kg of lunar was delivered to the ground. Already, its first analyzes found significant disagreement of the results obtained with all three hypotheses.

Most experts believe that currently existing facts testify in favor of the hypothesis, which has not yet been flight spacecraft On the moon, - hypotheses of a catastrophic collision. To explain the iron deficit on the moon, it was necessary to make assumption that at the time of the collision (4.5 billion years ago) in the depths of both bodies had already gravitational differentiation substances when heavy chemical elements Slended down and formed a kernel, and more light surfaced to the surface and formed a mantle, a bark, hydrosfera and atmosphere.

Geological Justification This assumption has no, but, nevertheless, the catastrophic hypothesis of the origin of the Moon is considered to be the most acceptable.

Evolution of the Earth-Moon system.Consider now, as the land and the moon coexisted, since the fate has brought them together. The main driving force of their interaction was tidal friction. Tidal power on Earth is an automatic two forces: attraction of the moon or the sun and the centrifugal force of the earth rotation around the total center of the Earth-Moon (it is called barycenter Systems and located in the land mantle at a depth of 1700 km) or land-sun (Fig. 3).

In the center of the Earth, these forces balance each other, but at the point BUT prevails attraction, and at the point IN - centrifugal force. This is the points of maximum tide on the surface of the planet.

Due to the daily rotation of the Earth in places of tidal protrusions BUT and IN Twice a day visits the same point of the earth's surface. The inhabitants of the coasts and the islands are well known to tides, when the water rises twice a day and lowers. In some places, due to the circumstances of the circumstances (the direction of the flow, the narrow bays and the mouths of the rivers), the height of the marine tide reaches 10 m, and, for example, at the mouth of the Sevran River or Fandy (England) reaches 16 m.

But tides are observed not only in the ocean. The solid land, attractable by the moon and the sun, behaves like a spring, deformed, i.e. the solid body of the Earth is also tide. These phenomena are called earthly tides . The greatest height of the earth's tide at the equator - 55 cm, and on the latitude of Kiev - about 40 cm. It is in such a height that we rose twice a day and go down, slowly and continuously, 6 hours of climb, 6 hours lowering.

Since there is no fixed reference, relative to which it would be possible to observe such movements, this phenomenon remains unknown. But high-precision devices (gravimeters, tallerizers) confidently register earth tides. At the same time, the observation point is removed from the center of the Earth only one ten millionth part of the earth's radius (the radius of the Earth is ≈ 6,400 km).

Fig. 3. Tides on the surface of the earth,
caused by the moon (view from the North Pole).
Due to friction (viscosity) of water and hard
earth components Tidal protrusions BUT and IN
do not have time to fall instantly culmination
Moon above paragraph BUT And come forward
along the rotation of the earth

Gravimeters register this movement as a decrease in gravity, because the strength of gravity decreases with increasing distance from the center of the Earth.

During the tides, both in the ocean and in the earth's solid, due to the viscosity of the substance, the friction of water along the bottom and coast of the reservoirs, part of the energy of the rotational movement of the Earth is dissipated as heat. From friction tidal protrusions BUT and IN Do not have time to quickly fall and the earth are taken forward in the course of its rotation (Fig. 3). Attraction of the moon speakers BUT (greater than protrusion IN) inhibits the daily rotation of the Earth, and attraction to the protrusion BUT Moon (greater than the protrusion IN) Splits our natural satellite in orbit.

Due to the first effect, the Earth slows down its rotation around the axis, and as a result of the second, the moon is removed from the ground. True, the numbers that describe the increase in the day and the elongation of the radius of the lunar orbit are extremely small: the day is increased by 0.002 s in 100 years, and the moon is removed from the ground to 3 cm / year. Laser definitions of the distance to the moon, made in 1969-2001, using the corner reflectors installed on the moon are given to increase the radius of the lunar orbit, the value of 3.81 ± 0.07 cm / year.

These seemingly minor values, in a cosmological scale, cause significant changes. In addition, when the moon was closer to our planet, their interaction was more intense: the day on Earth increased more consistent, and our natural satellite was removed faster (Fig. 4).

Fig. 4. Such was the visible side of the moon
to the era of intensive volcanism
(3.8-3.1 billion years ago) when huge masses
Basalt Love flooded large depressions,
Mostly on facing land
side, and formed dark areas -
moon sea

This is confirmed not only by the results of astronomical observations. There are also available paleontological, fossil evidence that the day on Earth was previously shorter.

Some corals and mollusks, as well as algae in the process of growth, form not only annual rings, as is the case in the case of trees, but also daily. According to these data, it is possible to calculate the number of days throughout the year. Modern organisms give 365 daily rings in one year, and fossils - more.

So, organisms living in Devonsky Period Paleozoic Era (400 million years ago, when the first vertebrates appeared - fish), accumulated over a year 400 daily layers, and those who lived in Proterozoa (670 million years ago) - 435.

Astronomers are unknown the reasons that throughout the history of the earth could noticeably affect the length of the year - the period of the appeal of the Earth around the Sun. Thus, the year during this large period of time did not change markedly, only the length of the day changed.

It is easy to calculate according to these observations that 22 modern hours continued in Devon, and 670 million years ago ( Proterozoicera) were only 20 hours. Previously, the day was still shorter, but the paleontological evidence of this time is not available at this time.

According to the calculations of astronomer specialists studying the origin of the planets and the past Solar system, initial period The rotation of the earth around the axis (day) was 10 hours. Close to this value of the day on the giant planets Jupiter and Saturn, the huge inertia of which and numerous satellites that act disagreeably contributed to the preservation of their primary daily rotation. Uranus and Neptune slowed down their axial rotation: a day in uranium continues about 17 hours, and at Neptune - about 16.

Earth will slow down its rotation until the day is equal to the period of circulation of the moon around our planet. Their overall rotation period will then be 47 of the current day. Earth and the moon will rotate facing to each other with tidal protrusions, the same side, as if related to the jumper, like dumbbells.

By the way, the moon spared around the axis much faster, and then it was possible to admire not only one side of our satellite. However, tides, which causes terrestrial on the moon, significantly more than those that cause the moon on Earth, as the mass of our planet is 81 times more, and the power of gravity on the surface of our satellite is less than 6 times.

The lunar tides have long slowered the rotation of the moon, and her tidal protrusion is now always directed towards the Earth. Such a rotation of the satellite around the central planet and around its axis, when one side of the satellite is turned to the planet all the time, and the rotation period around the central body and the axis coincides, called synchronous.

Surprisingly in this regard, the foresight of the famous German philosopher Immanuel Kanta (1724-1804) At the time when no scientific data on this issue was not yet.

In his work " General story and the theory of the sky "in 1754 he wrote:" If the land steadily approaches the suspension of its rotational movement, then the period during which this change occurs, it will be completed when the surface of the earth will be at rest in relation to the moon, i.e. when the earth will start rotating around its axis at that It's time to which the moon makes turn around the earth, therefore, when the Earth will always turn to the Moon with the same side. The reason for this state is the movement of the liquid substance that covers part of its surface is only on a very small depth. This immediately shows us the reason why the moon in its rotation around the Earth is always addressed to it by the same side».

It is curious that the height of the tidal protrusion on the Moon is now equal to 2 km. It is 100 times more than a tide, which would cause our planet at its current distance from the moon. Obviously, at the time when such a magnitude was formed, our natural satellite was essentially closer to Earth. For such a huge tide, it would take the distance not 380 thousand km, as now, and 5 times less.

The moon then melted subsoil, which, cooling, cooled and retained this huge tidal protrusion in her body, as a memory of that long-lasting era. This also testifies to the fact that the moon began to rotate synchronously with the appeal around the Earth, already when the distance between them was only 75 thousand km. It happened less than two billion years ago.

Turn to the ground now. As mentioned, the duration of day and month in the remote future is equal to each other and will be 47th of the current day. So that this process is completed, it will take a lot of time - about 50 billion years. Recall that the age of the earth and the planets are about 4.5 billion years.

It would have stabilized the process of joint rotation of the Earth and the Moon, if not the sun. The fact is, the hundred solar pills also slow down the daily rotation of the Earth. Although they are two times less than the lunar, but do not change in time.

And if the brake exposure to the moon to the daily rotation of the Earth will stop at the moment when the day and month will be equal, then the influence of the Sun will continue on this process. As a result, the day on Earth will continue to increase, and as a result, our planet will rotate around its axis more slowly than the moon around it.

In this situation, the tides caused by the moon on Earth will affect its rotation in the direction opposite to the previously considered case, that is, the Earth will accelerate in its rotation, and the moon is to slow down in orbit. The return process will go: the day will begin to decrease, and the moon - approach the ground, and it will continue until the moon approaches the so-called Rosh limit.

For a satellite with zero durability (liquid, separate fragments of a solid body), this limit is approximately 1.5 radius from the surface of the central planet. Here, the centrifugal force of the moon appeal and the attraction of the planet acting in opposite directions (their auto-tidal force) will prevail over the power of gravity on the satellite surface and will burst it into parts. A ring of many small satellites is formed around the Earth.

Such examples are known in our solar system: all the planets-giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune have rings near the surface, although the origin of these rings is not necessarily associated with tides. Obviously, near the limit of Rosh satellites of these planets could not form.

Fig. 5. In the picture of the artist - the landscape on Io,
the nearest large satellite of Jupiter
(Jupiter in the background; black stain on his
Surfaces are shadow from one of the satellites). By
The power of volcanoes on Io exceed the earth.
It is believed that in volcanic terms
- the most active cosmic body
In the solar system. Due to less power
gravity height of volcanic emissions -
molten sulfur, hydrogen sulfide,
water vapors, etc. - it reaches 300 km here.
Volcanic activities for IO cause
intensive tides whose energy
converted to heat

In the earth-moon system, the processes associated with tide are extremely slow. It has already been mentioned: in order for the day on Earth equal to the duration of the month, about 50 billion years old are necessary. And so that the moon returned back to the ground, it takes time too much even in cosmological scale.

In the solar system there are many examples of the effective effect of tides on the rotational movement of celestial bodies. The planets of Mercury and Venus significantly slowed down as a result of the impact on them of solar tides, and the day on them (the period of circulation around the axis) continues 58.6 and 243 of the earth's day, respectively.

Synchronous rotation is followed by small satellites of Mars Phobos and Dimimos. At the nearest Jupiter, the height of the tide frozen during synchronous rotation is 3 km away. Only as a result of the movement of the satellite on the elongated (eccentric) orbit, this height varies 84 meters. At the same time, due to the deformation of the body, the satellite is released 10 times more heat than on the moon from the decay of radioactive substances. As a result, volcanoes are operating, more powerful than on Earth (Fig. 5).

Large satellites of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus, the largest satellite of Neptune Triton rotate synchronously. Pluto and Charon is a bright example of tidal capture. In this system, not only Haron draws synchronously, but Pluto is addressed to Charon all the time with one side, they rotate with a period of 6.4 days, which are connected with a jumper.

As a result, we emphasize that tidal friction is an important factor in the evolution of space systems, and not only planets and satellites, but also multiple star clusters And even galaxies.

Fig. 6. On Europe, the second from the planet is a large satellite of Jupiter, the thickness of the ice cover is estimated within 10-30 km. Huge cracks exceeding a length of 1000 km and a width of tens of kilometers are formed by tides reaching 40 m in Europe. According to one of the hypotheses, brown color in cracks is called organicwhich enters the surface of the warm subsoil satellite. IO and Europe in magnitude close to the moon

Slika
Atmosphere(from Greek. ατμος pairs and σφαϊρα - ball) - the air sheath of the Earth.
Hydrosphere(from Greek. υδωρ - water and σφαϊρα - ball) - the water shell of the Earth.
Gravimeter(from Lat. Gravis - heavy and Greek. μετρεω - measure) - the device for measuring the amount of gravity.
Devonian(from the name of the English County Devonshire) - the fourth period Paleozoic Era from 419 to 359 million years ago.
Differentiation(from Lat. Differentia is the difference) - the division of the whole for high-quality parts.
Cosmological(from Greek. κοσμοζ - space, universe) - everything related to the universe.
Culmination(from Lat. Culmen - Top) - Here the maximum height of the shone.
Lithosphere(from Greek. λιτος - stone and σφαϊρα - ball) - the stone shell of the Earth.
Mantle(from Greek. μαντιον - cover) - the stone shell of the Earth from the nucleus to earth crust.
Paleozoic(from Greek. παλαιος - ancient ςωη - Life) - Third geological Era. In the history of land from 541 to 251 million years ago.
Paleontology(from Greek. παλαιος - ancient, · οντος - the essence and λογος - doctrine) - Science of mineral remains of living organisms.
Proterozoa(from Greek. προτερος - previous) - the second geological era in the history of land from 2500 to 541 million years ago.
Protoplanetary, protopolar(from Greek πρωτος - first) - the primary nebula, from which the sun and planets at one time were formed.
Siderophiles (from Greek. ΣίΔηρος - iron and φίλεω - love) - chemical elements in the Mendeleev table in the table.
Synchronous(from Greek. ΣυΓχχονο - at the same time) - coincidence in the period of oscillations of two or more processes.
Tectonics(from Greek. τεκτονικη is a construction case) - science of the structure and movements of the earth's crust and the masses located under it (lithospheric plates).

I.A. Double , Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Poltava

Among all the moon of the solar system, the most unique land satellite. Thanks to its close location to Earth, as well as dimensions, the moon gives our planet a stable and sustainable position in his eternal path in orbit. That is, it must be said that the bunch of the earth - the moon maintains its position in outer space in a less uniform rotation.

The formation of the moon is approximately 4.5 billion years ago - according to latest information Scientists, the moon ragged, dropping several million years. It must be said that the history of the formation of the Moon is amazing. And the satellite satellite itself is extremely important for the existence of life on the planet. The earth is also important, to find the moon in their orbit.

As has already been described more than once, billions of years ago, a space object of no less smaller sizes is cut into a huge protoplanetary substance. Then, from the molten mass - and it was the Earth - and eats huge pieces of substance from the mass of the planet. Ducklied into space, solid rocks are delayed by attraction of the Earth.

In an effort to escape from the captivity of the Earth's gravity, but, without having this forces to do, they begin to gather into one large object. And under the action of rotation forces, turn into a ball. So, our blue planet has acquired an important component for education and the preservation of life.

Surprisingly, as far as the space object flew in time. No less surprisingly, that someone's hand put both space objects in that position and those points where it was necessary for the prosperity of life on Earth.

Before the time of impact and forming the moon, our planet was not yet blue, and rotated 4 times faster than now. The axis of the Earth stood under the tilt of 10 degrees, and the earth's day at the time were very short - only 6 hours. And the angle of inclination has affected the average temperature on Earth.

At this time, the moon has not yet left the current orbit, and was closer to Earth at 12 thousand times. Introducing a strong effect of powerful gravity on the planet. Spearness began to form oceans - and tidal friction began to slow down the rotation of the Earth. For 3 billion years, the formation of continents lasted, and continued to decline the rotation speed of the planet - until 18 hours a day. After another half a billion, the earthly night reach 222 hours, and adding seconds per year, reach 24 hours.

What is so necessary moon for the earth.

In fact, the moon plays a very important role in the life of our planet. First, it is necessary to note the power of the satellite gravity, acting in the moon-earth bundle, our planet is located at a stable orbit. And also our blue planet thanks to the moon received an angle of inclination at 23 degrees.

Such a degree of tilt can be called optimal, nature, as if specifically took care of the comfort of a person's stay on earth. After all, thanks to this corner, there is a rather narrow temperature range on the planet. The sun rays emitted by our luminaries are evenly distributed over the globe, which creates good conditions for life. With the moon on Earth, the stability of sunrises and sunsets is connected, supporting the seasons familiar to us.

The strong influence of the moon also has on water pools of the Earth. Tides and flow, all this takes place under the watchful approach of our satellite. And the moon holds a 4-meter water level at the equator.

And what will happen if the moon leaves the ground. What threatens the ground distance of the moon.

It is impossible to assert that the moon is eternal above the ground, and it may be so that the Earth's satellite will take more than a long orbit regarding our planet. Or it will go to free swimming through space expanders. After all, as it is known, the moon, though a small amount, but still removes from the ground.

Observations for the moon, specialists have been conducted almost half a century. Another American astronauts left the reflector on the satellite. It helped enough to accurately measure the distance between the moon and the earth. And on Earth, a modern technique was observed on the satellite.

And experts were able to answer the question for which magnitude from the Earth the moon is removed. It turned out that it was about 4 centimeters per year, - not so much and a small value, given that every year the distance all increases. However, it is N. constant Removal. As you know the distance between the satellite and our planet is non-permanent. Hence the removal value inaccurate.

Periodically, during the distance of the moon, the earth's axis changes the angle of inclination by 2-3 degrees, in one direction or another side of the axis. But even this, a small amount of a couple of degrees responds on Earth natural catastrophs. And if the chain connecting the land and the moon is broken, then two space objects losing a fighter effect that attracts them, they simply scatter in space of space. Weighted as if from the Parable.

About 100 thousand years ago, a slight change in the angle of the axis led to the fact that the sun's rays began to fall otherwise. This led to an ecological catastrophe, - where the forests had once been reinforced, they were formed by the empty empty. And as scientists suggest, it could cause the migration of the ancient inhabitants of the planet from Africa to the north. And in Europe and North America, this was at all led to the beginning of a glacial period, a duration of the millennium.

And if the moon break the chain of the moon - the Earth, the time of the catastrophe comes on the planet. True very venerable. Huge masses of water, held by the Moon, will immediately break out to the will, and a mighty, none of anything restrained by force, move deep into the planet. Extraly and rules are all on its path, - the first who will experience it, will be residents of New York and Rio de Janeiro.

In addition, losing the lunar protection, the Earth can get under the gravitational influence of another planet. And then about stability on earth, he says no. The planet will have a different tilt, besides the variable. What will lead to severe temperature drops. A redeployment and water pools will occur - the level may increase hundreds of meters.

However, the Earth has an impact on the moon, for example, the rotation of our satellite slowed down to one turn per month. Slows off its rotation and earth, this is influenced by the huge forces of friction of ocean waves about the bottom. In this case, the tidal wave is shifted from the point directly referred to the moon.

Very much in the life of our planet is connected to the moon. Very much can be explained from the point of view of science. However, to answer the adulca question, - this is exactly the heavenly mechanism so accurately, and put all the cosmic bodies strictly in its places, at the moment no one is unhappy.

Moscow, 22 Jun - RIA Novosti. The assumption that the moon in the future can leave the Earth's satellite orbit, contradicts the postulates of heavenly mechanics, say the Russian astronomers' surveyed RIA news.

Earlier, many Internet media, with reference to the words of the general director of the "Space" Central Committee of Mechanical Engineering Gennady Ricunov, reported that in the future the moon could leave the land and become an independent planet moving on his own orbit around the Sun. According to Ricunov, thus the Moon can repeat the fate of Mercury, which, according to one of the hypotheses, was the satellite of Venus in the past. As a result, according to the general director of TsNIIIMASH, the conditions on Earth may become similar to the Veneanian and will be unsuitable for life.

"It sounds like some nonsense," Sergei Popov said RIA Novosti, Researcher of the State Astronomical Institute named after Sternberg Moscow State University (Gaish).

According to him, the moon is really removed from the ground, but very slowly - at a speed of about 38 millimeters per year. "A few billion years of age, the period of circulation of the Moon will simply grow one and a half times, and everything," said Popov.

"The moon can not completely leave. She nowhere to take energy in order to escape," he noted.

Pupil days

Another employee of Gaish Vladimir Surdin said that the process of removing the Moon from the Earth would not be infinite, ultimately it will be replaced by the approach. The "approval" of the moon can leave the Earth's orbit and turn into the planet "incorrectly," said RIA Novosti.

According to him, the removal of the moon from the ground under the influence of tides causes a gradual decrease in the speed of rotation of our planet, and the satellite care rate will gradually decrease.

In about 5 billion years, the radius of the lunar orbit will reach the maximum value - 463 thousand kilometers, and the duration of the earthly day will be 870 hours, that is, five modern weeks. At this point, the speed of rotation of the earth around the axis and the moon in orbit will become equal: the Earth will look at the moon with one side, just as the moon looks at the ground.

"It would seem tidal friction (braking your own rotation under the influence of lunar gravity) at the same time should disappear. However, the solar boils will continue to slow down the land. But now the moon will be ahead of the rotation of the earth and tidal friction will begin to slow down its movement. As a result, the moon will approach Earth, however, very slowly, as the power of solar tides is small, "said Astronomer.

"Such a picture paint the heavenly mechanical calculations, to challenge which today, no one, I think, will not become," said Surdin.

Loss of the moon will not turn the land in Venus

Even if the moon disappears, it will not turn into a copy of Venus, RIA Novosti said the head of the laboratory of comparative planetology of the Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry named after the Vernadsky RAS Alexander Basilevsky.

"On the grounds on the surface of the Earth, the departure of the Moon will have a little. There will be no tides and sings (they are mostly lunar) and the nights will be omnunny. I will survive," the agency's interlocutor said.

"On the path of Venus, with a terrible heating, the Earth can go because of our nonsense - if we bring it emissions of greenhouse gases to a very strong heating. Yes, and that is not sure that we will succeed in the irreversibly to complete our climate," the scientist said.

According to him, the hypothesis that Mercury was a companion of Venus, and then left the satellite orbit and became an independent planet, really moved. In particular, about this in 1976, in an article published in the magazine ICARUS wrote American astronomers Thomas Van Flandern (Thomas Van Flandern) and Robert Harrington (Robert Harrington).

"Calculations have shown that this is possible that, however, does not prove that it was so," said Bazilevsky.

In turn, Surdin notes that "later work practically rejected it (this hypothesis)."

We are accustomed to the fact that the moon is an earth satellite. However, will it be so always? According to the Director General of the Central Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Gennady Ricunova, our nightlings can soon leave the Earth orbit and become an independent planet. In this case, the earth will turn into a lifeless desert ...

"The moon is also moving away from the ground every year, and once, apparently, if there is no return proceeds, it should leave the land," such a statement made the director of TsNIIMASH on the passing airplane in Bourget. "Wouldn't it work that the earth will go On the path of Venus, when conditions are formed not suitable for existing forms of life - an aggressive atmosphere, huge pressure, greenhouse effect, etc.? "

Now the moon moves around the Earth in orbit close to elliptical, counterclockwise (if you look from the north pole) at an average speed of 1.02 kilometers per second. In fact, the movement of our natural satellite is a rather complicated process on which various perturbations affect the attraction of the sun, planets and a flattened land shape. How likely the scenario of the development of events proposed by Ricunov?

As Surdin asserts, under the influence of solar tides (the movements of the aqueous masses caused by the attraction is not the moon, and the sun. - Ed. ) The speed of rotation of our planet is gradually decreasing, and the speed of removal of the satellite will gradually decrease. In about five billion years, the radius of the lunar orbit will reach the maximum value - 463 thousand kilometers, and the duration of the earth's day will increase to 870 hours.